Vocational Expert Dictionary — Decode Hearing Jargon
Vocational Experts (VE) use specific jargon in hearings. Here is what they actually mean.
Sedentary WorkHearing Term
SSA Definition
Jobs that involve sitting most of the time, but may involve walking or standing for brief periods. Lifting is limited to 10 lbs maximum.
Why it matters to you
"If you can't sit for 6+ hours, you may not be able to perform sedentary work."
Light WorkHearing Term
SSA Definition
Jobs that involve lifting no more than 20 lbs at a time, with frequent lifting or carrying of up to 10 lbs.
Why it matters to you
"Requires a good deal of walking or standing (approx. 6 hours a day)."
Medium WorkHearing Term
SSA Definition
Lifting no more than 50 lbs at a time with frequent lifting/carrying of up to 25 lbs.
Why it matters to you
"If you can perform medium work, SSA usually finds you not disabled unless you are over 55."
SGA (Substantial Gainful Activity)Hearing Term
SSA Definition
The level of work activity and earnings that SSA uses to determine if you are disabled.
Why it matters to you
"If you earn over the SGA limit, you are generally not considered disabled regardless of medical condition."
Transferable SkillsHearing Term
SSA Definition
Skills from your past work that can be used in other types of jobs within your physical/mental limits.
Why it matters to you
"VEs use this to argue there are 'other jobs' you can do."
Erosion of Occupational BaseHearing Term
SSA Definition
When your limitations significantly reduce the number of jobs you can perform in a specific category (e.g., sedentary).
Why it matters to you
"A significant erosion can lead to a finding of disability."
Non-Exertional LimitationsHearing Term
SSA Definition
Limitations not related to strength, such as mental, sensory, or environmental restrictions.
Why it matters to you
"These are often the most powerful factors in winning a case (e.g., can't stay on task, can't handle stress)."
DOT (Dictionary of Occupational Titles)Hearing Term
SSA Definition
An outdated but still used book that defines job requirements in the US economy.
Why it matters to you
"Attorneys often challenge VEs when they use DOT codes that are obsolete (e.g., 'Telegraph operator')."
Step 5Hearing Term
SSA Definition
The final stage of the evaluation where SSA decides if you can do 'any other work' in the national economy.
Why it matters to you
"This is where the Vocational Expert (VE) testifies."
Related Guides & Tools
Disclaimer: RetireGrid is an independent educational resource and is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Social Security Administration (SSA). Vocational terms and definitions provided are for general educational purposes. For professional legal representation at a hearing, consult a qualified disability attorney or advocate. Last updated: January 2026.